Eveningness tendency and higher night eating scores are associated with poorer sleep quality in adults, while dietary melatonin intake is not associated with sleep quality after adjustment for covariates.
In a cross-sectional study of 325 adults in Istanbul, higher Night Eating Questionnaire (NEQ) scores were positively associated with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores (B=0.198, β=0.491, 95% CI: 0.156-0.239, p<0.001), indicating worse sleep quality. Lower Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) scores (eveningness) were negatively associated with PSQI scores (B=-0.067, β=-0.189, 95% CI: -0.102 to -0.032, p<0.001), also indicating worse sleep quality. Estimated dietary melatonin intake (mean 10.485 ± 13.306 μg/day) was not significantly associated with sleep quality after adjustment.
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Eveningness tendency and higher night eating scores are associated with poorer sleep quality in adults, while dietary melatonin intake is not associated with sleep quality after adjustment for covariates. The current body of evidence comprises 1 study. EvidenceHub rates the overall confidence at 34/100 (low).
The Claim
Eveningness tendency and higher night eating scores are associated with poorer sleep quality in adults, while dietary melatonin intake is not associated with sleep quality after adjustment for covariates.
This conclusion is most relevant to: Adults aged 18-65 years (n=325) in Istanbul, Türkiye..
What the Research Shows
The conclusion draws on 1 linked study. Highlights from the cited literature:
- ▸Dietary melatonin, chronotype, and night eating syndrome in relation to sleep quality among adults. (Frontiers in nutrition, 2026) —
How It Works
The proposed biological pathway:
- ▸Eveningness tendency (lower MEQ) is associated with poorer sleep quality.
- ▸Higher night eating scores (NEQ) are associated with poorer sleep quality.
- ▸Chronotype may influence night eating behaviors, which in turn affect sleep quality (indirect association).
- ▸Dietary melatonin intake does not appear to mediate these associations.
Who Might Benefit
Evidence fit by population:
- ▸Adults aged 18-65 years (n=325) in Istanbul, Türkiye.
Recommended Dose
N/A
Limitations & Caveats
Important context when interpreting this evidence:
- ▸Cross-sectional design prevents causal inference.
- ▸Dietary melatonin intake estimated via food frequency questionnaire may have measurement error.
- ▸Sample limited to adults in Istanbul, limiting generalizability.
- ▸Residual confounding from unmeasured variables possible.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does dietary melatonin improve sleep quality?▼
In this study, estimated dietary melatonin intake was not associated with sleep quality after adjusting for covariates, suggesting no independent benefit.
What is the relationship between chronotype and sleep quality?▼
Eveningness tendency (lower MEQ score) was associated with poorer sleep quality (higher PSQI score), with a negative correlation (r=-0.159, p=0.004).
Are night eating behaviors linked to sleep quality?▼
Yes, higher Night Eating Questionnaire scores were positively correlated with PSQI scores (r=0.537, p<0.001), indicating worse sleep quality.
What was the average dietary melatonin intake in this study?▼
The mean total dietary melatonin intake was 10.485 ± 13.306 μg/day.
References
- 1.Geylani S, Demirel Ozbek Y, Arslan N. “Dietary melatonin, chronotype, and night eating syndrome in relation to sleep quality among adults..” Frontiers in nutrition, 2026. PMID: 42662821 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1890075