Combining sleep report feedback with telephone-based health guidance may improve subjective sleep status in community-dwelling older adults.
In a three-arm randomized controlled trial of 229 community-dwelling older adults (mean age 78.5 years), participants receiving sleep report feedback plus telephone-based health guidance for either 3 or 6 months showed significant within-group improvements in Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) scores at 3 months, while those receiving feedback alone showed no significant change. Between-group comparison at 3 months showed that the group receiving feedback plus guidance for the first 3 months had significantly lower AIS scores than the control group (feedback alone).
Evidence Score
Study Evidence
Study 1. Effect of Sleep Report Feedback With Health Guidance Using a Sleep Monitoring Device for Improving Sleep in Community-Dwelling Older People: A Three-Arm Randomized Controlled Trial.
observationalChikama H, Yamakawa M, Shigenobu K, Kurakami H, Nobuhara K, Umemura K, Mizukami W, Takeya Y, Koujiya E, Adachi H, Ikeda M · Geriatrics & gerontology international (2026)
Result:
Mechanism Graph
Limitations
- ⚠Abstract does not report effect sizes or confidence intervals, limiting precision of the claim
- ⚠The study was conducted in Japan, which may limit generalizability to other populations
- ⚠The control group (feedback alone) still received an intervention, so the effect of feedback alone versus no intervention is not assessed
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) and how is it used?▼
The AIS is a self-reported questionnaire used to assess sleep difficulty based on criteria from the International Classification of Diseases. It measures aspects such as sleep onset, awakenings, and daytime functioning. In this study, it was the primary outcome to evaluate subjective sleep status.
How long did the intervention last?▼
The intervention lasted 6 months. Group A received sleep report feedback and telephone-based health guidance for the full 6 months. Group B received feedback plus guidance for the first 3 months, then feedback alone for the next 3 months. Group C received feedback alone for the full 6 months.
What was the main finding of the study?▼
The study found that combining sleep report feedback with telephone-based health guidance led to significant improvements in subjective sleep (AIS scores) at 3 months compared to baseline, while feedback alone did not. At 3 months, Group B had significantly lower AIS scores than the control group (feedback alone).
Who can benefit from this intervention?▼
Community-dwelling older adults, particularly those with mild sleep complaints, may benefit from using a sleep monitoring device with feedback and telephone-based guidance on sleep hygiene and daytime activity. The study population had an average baseline AIS of 6.5, indicating some sleep difficulty.
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References
- 1.Chikama H, Yamakawa M, Shigenobu K, Kurakami H, Nobuhara K, Umemura K, Mizukami W, Takeya Y, Koujiya E, Adachi H, Ikeda M. "Effect of Sleep Report Feedback With Health Guidance Using a Sleep Monitoring Device for Improving Sleep in Community-Dwelling Older People: A Three-Arm Randomized Controlled Trial.." Geriatrics & gerontology international, 2026. PMID: 42565254 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.70756