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EEG-based measures show good to excellent test-retest reliability in clinical high risk for psychosis and control participants, supporting their use in CHR studies.

In an interim analysis of the AMP SCZ Program, EEG-based measures (including MMN, P300, 40-Hz ASSR, and resting PSD) demonstrated generally good to excellent test-retest reliability in CHR (n=654) and control (n=87) participants, with mean G-coefficients of 0.72 and 0.71, respectively. Small systematic decreases in measure magnitudes over sessions were observed, consistent with habituation effects.

Last updated: Jul 7, 2026•0 RCTs•📖 Read as article →

Evidence Score

Evidence Score32/100
Human RCT☆☆☆☆☆
Meta-analysis☆☆☆☆☆
Mechanism★★★★★
Safety★★★★☆
Confidencelow

Study Evidence

Study 1. The electroencephalography protocol for the Accelerating Medicines Partnership® Schizophrenia Program: Reliability and stability of measures.

observational

Mathalon DH, Nicholas S, Roach BJ, Billah T, Lavoie S, Whitford T, Hamilton HK, Addamo L, Anohkin A, Bekinschtein T, Belger A, Buccilli K, Cahill J, Carrión RE, Damiani S, Dzafic I, Ebdrup BH, Izyurov I, Jarcho J, Jenni R, Jo A, Kerins S, Lee C, Martin EA, Mayol-Troncoso R, Niznikiewicz MA, Parvaz M, Pogarell O, Prieto-Montalvo J, Rabin R, Roalf DR, Rogers J, Salisbury DF, Shaik R, Shankman S, Stevens MC, Suen YN, Swann NC, Tang X, Thompson JL, Tso I, Wenzel J, Zhou JH, Addington J, Alameda L, Arango C, Breitborde NJK, Broome MR, Cadenhead KS, Calkins ME, Castillo-Passi RI, Chen EYH, Choi J, Conus P, Corcoran CM, Cornblatt BA, Diaz-Caneja CM, Ellman LM, Fusar-Poli P, Gaspar PA, Gerber C, Glenthøj LB, Horton LE, Hui CLM, Kambeitz J, Kambeitz-Ilankovic L, Keshavan MS, Kim M, Kim SW, Koutsouleris N, Kwon JS, Langbein K, Mamah D, Mittal VA, Nordentoft M, Pearlson GD, Perez J, Perkins DO, Powers AR, Sabb FW, Schiffman J, Shah JL, Silverstein SM, Smesny S, Stone WS, Strauss GP, Upthegrove R, Verma SK, Wang J, Wolf DH, Zhang T, Bouix S, Pasternak O, Cho KK, Coleman MJ, Dwyer D, Nunez A, Tamayo Z, Wood SJ, Kahn RS, Kane JM, McGorry PD, Bearden CE, Nelson B, Woods SW, Shenton ME, Light GA · Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) (2025)

Participants: N/A
Duration: 2 months
Intervention: Electroencephalography (EEG) protocol including mismatch negativity (MMN), auditory and visual P300 (P3b, P3a), 40-Hz auditory steady state response (ASSR), and resting EEG power spectral density (PSD) across two sessions (baseline and month-2 follow-up).
Outcome: Test-retest reliability (Generalizability coefficient) and stability (change over session via paired t-tests) of EEG-based ERP, ERO, and resting PSD measures.
Effect Size: N/A (G-coefficients reported: CHR mean=0.72, range 0.49-0.85; CON mean=0.71, range 0.44-0.89)
Population: Individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR; n=654) and community controls (CON; n=87).

Result:

PubMed: 40480970DOI: 10.1038/s41537-025-00622-0

Mechanism Graph

EEG measures recorded across two sessions (baseline and month-2 follow-up)
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Generalizability coefficients calculated to assess reliability
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Paired t-tests used to assess changes over sessions
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Result: Good to excellent reliability with small habituation effects

Limitations

  • ⚠Interim analysis with limited follow-up duration (2 months)
  • ⚠Small control group (n=87) relative to CHR group (n=654)

Frequently Asked Questions

What EEG measures were tested in this study?▼

The study tested mismatch negativity (MMN), auditory and visual P300 to target (P3b) and novel (P3a) stimuli, 40-Hz auditory steady state response (ASSR), and resting EEG power spectral density (PSD) for traditional frequency bands.

How reliable were the EEG measures in clinical high risk individuals?▼

Generalizability coefficients were generally good to excellent, with a mean of 0.72 and range of 0.49-0.85 in the CHR group.

Did the EEG measures change over time?▼

Yes, small but significant decreases were observed over sessions for MMN, auditory and visual target P3b, visual novel P3a, and 40-Hz ASSR, consistent with habituation effects.

What is the Accelerating Medicines Partnership Schizophrenia Program?▼

It is a research program launched to address the need for safer, effective medications for individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis by developing biomarkers and novel treatments.

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References

  1. 1.Mathalon DH, Nicholas S, Roach BJ, Billah T, Lavoie S, Whitford T, Hamilton HK, Addamo L, Anohkin A, Bekinschtein T, Belger A, Buccilli K, Cahill J, Carrión RE, Damiani S, Dzafic I, Ebdrup BH, Izyurov I, Jarcho J, Jenni R, Jo A, Kerins S, Lee C, Martin EA, Mayol-Troncoso R, Niznikiewicz MA, Parvaz M, Pogarell O, Prieto-Montalvo J, Rabin R, Roalf DR, Rogers J, Salisbury DF, Shaik R, Shankman S, Stevens MC, Suen YN, Swann NC, Tang X, Thompson JL, Tso I, Wenzel J, Zhou JH, Addington J, Alameda L, Arango C, Breitborde NJK, Broome MR, Cadenhead KS, Calkins ME, Castillo-Passi RI, Chen EYH, Choi J, Conus P, Corcoran CM, Cornblatt BA, Diaz-Caneja CM, Ellman LM, Fusar-Poli P, Gaspar PA, Gerber C, Glenthøj LB, Horton LE, Hui CLM, Kambeitz J, Kambeitz-Ilankovic L, Keshavan MS, Kim M, Kim SW, Koutsouleris N, Kwon JS, Langbein K, Mamah D, Mittal VA, Nordentoft M, Pearlson GD, Perez J, Perkins DO, Powers AR, Sabb FW, Schiffman J, Shah JL, Silverstein SM, Smesny S, Stone WS, Strauss GP, Upthegrove R, Verma SK, Wang J, Wolf DH, Zhang T, Bouix S, Pasternak O, Cho KK, Coleman MJ, Dwyer D, Nunez A, Tamayo Z, Wood SJ, Kahn RS, Kane JM, McGorry PD, Bearden CE, Nelson B, Woods SW, Shenton ME, Light GA. "The electroencephalography protocol for the Accelerating Medicines Partnership® Schizophrenia Program: Reliability and stability of measures.." Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany), 2025. PMID: 40480970 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-025-00622-0
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