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Inpatient environmental noise management combined with mindful breathing regulation improves nocturnal blood pressure and sleep quality in patients with post-stroke sequelae of liver-yang hyperactivity type.

This retrospective cohort study of 200 patients found that adding noise management and mindful breathing regulation to conventional nursing significantly reduced nocturnal systolic and diastolic blood pressure and improved Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores compared to conventional nursing alone after 4 weeks. The combined group also showed better emotional regulation, psychological stability, and environmental satisfaction.

Last updated: Jul 16, 2026•0 RCTs•📖 Read as article →

Evidence Score

Evidence Score34/100
Human RCT☆☆☆☆☆
Meta-analysis☆☆☆☆☆
Mechanism★★★★★
Safety★★★★☆
Confidencelow

Study Evidence

Study 1. The Combined Effects of Inpatient Environmental Noise Management and Mindful Breathing Regulation on Nocturnal Blood Pressure and Sleep Quality in Patients with Stroke Sequelae of Hyperactivity of Liver Yang Type.

observational

Li F, Zhang Y, Su Q, He T · Noise & health (2026)

Participants: N/A
Duration: 4 weeks
Intervention: Inpatient environmental noise management combined with mindful breathing regulation (meditation and pranayama) for 4 weeks
Outcome: Nocturnal systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score, emotional regulation scores, psychological stability scores, environmental satisfaction scores
Effect Size: N/A (specific effect sizes not reported in abstract)
Population: 200 patients with post-stroke sequelae of liver-yang hyperactivity type hospitalized in the Department of Neurology at Qingdao Municipal Hospital from June 2022 to March 2025

Result:

PubMed: 42446333DOI: 10.4103/nah.nah_29_26

Mechanism Graph

Noise management reduces environmental disruptions during sleep
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Mindful breathing regulation activates parasympathetic nervous system
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Combined intervention lowers sympathetic arousal and stress response
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Result: Improved nocturnal blood pressure control and sleep quality

Limitations

  • ⚠Retrospective cohort design limits causal inference
  • ⚠No blinding or randomization reported, increasing risk of selection bias
  • ⚠Specific effect sizes (e.g., Cohen's d) not provided
  • ⚠Population limited to one specific TCM syndrome type in a single hospital

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the liver-yang hyperactivity type in stroke sequelae?▼

It is a traditional Chinese medicine syndrome characterized by symptoms such as irritability, headache, dizziness, and hypertension, often seen in post-stroke patients.

How was sleep quality measured in this study?▼

Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), a validated self-report questionnaire.

What does mindful breathing regulation involve?▼

Mindful breathing regulation includes meditation and pranayama (yogic breathing techniques) aimed at promoting relaxation and emotional stability.

Was the study randomized?▼

No, this was a retrospective cohort study where patients were divided into groups based on different nursing protocols, not randomized.

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References

  1. 1.Li F, Zhang Y, Su Q, He T. "The Combined Effects of Inpatient Environmental Noise Management and Mindful Breathing Regulation on Nocturnal Blood Pressure and Sleep Quality in Patients with Stroke Sequelae of Hyperactivity of Liver Yang Type.." Noise & health, 2026. PMID: 42446333 DOI: 10.4103/nah.nah_29_26
Disclaimer: This content is for educational purposes only and is not medical advice. Evidence scores reflect the quality and quantity of available research, not clinical recommendations. Always consult a healthcare professional before starting any supplement or intervention.