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Older age, female sex, smoking, and comorbidity are associated with lower accelerometer-measured physical activity in adults with cardiovascular diseases.

In a cross-sectional study of 1,484 Swedish adults aged 50-64 with cardiovascular diseases, being in the oldest age group (OR=0.59), female sex (OR=0.73), regular/occasional smoking (OR=0.37), and having one (OR=0.61) or more comorbidities (OR=0.45) were significantly associated with lower odds of higher moderate-to-vigorous physical activity levels. A healthy diet was associated with higher physical activity (OR=1.84).

Last updated: Jul 16, 2026•0 RCTs•📖 Read as article →

Evidence Score

Evidence Score34/100
Human RCT☆☆☆☆☆
Meta-analysis☆☆☆☆☆
Mechanism★★★★★
Safety★★★★☆
Confidencelow

Study Evidence

Study 1. Associations of demographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle factors and comorbidity with accelerometer-measured physical activity in adults with cardiovascular diseases.

observational

König A, Hagströmer M, Bergman F, Bäck M, Drake I, Johansson H, Rossen J, von Rosen P · PloS one (2026)

Participants: N/A
Duration: 7 days (accelerometer wear)
Intervention: Observational assessment of demographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle factors, and comorbidity
Outcome: Accelerometer-measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (categorized into low, medium, high tertiles)
Effect Size: OR=0.59 (95% CI 0.44-0.77) for oldest age group; OR=0.73 (95% CI 0.59-0.91) for female sex; OR=0.37 (95% CI 0.26-0.52) for smoking; OR=0.61 (95% CI 0.48-0.77) for one comorbidity; OR=0.45 (95% CI 0.30-0.68) for multiple comorbidities; OR=1.84 (95% CI 1.46-2.31) for healthy diet
Population: Adults aged 50-64 years with confirmed diagnosis of angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, or stroke in Sweden

Result:

PubMed: 42447099DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0352673

Mechanism Graph

Demographic and lifestyle factors are assessed via questionnaires
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Comorbidity data obtained from registry
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Accelerometer worn for 7 consecutive days measures moderate-to-vigorous physical activity
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Multiple ordinal logistic regression identifies factors associated with lower physical activity levels

Limitations

  • ⚠Cross-sectional design prevents causal inference
  • ⚠Accelerometer measurement over 7 days may not capture long-term physical activity patterns

Frequently Asked Questions

What factors were most strongly associated with lower physical activity in CVD patients?▼

Smoking (OR=0.37) and having multiple comorbidities (OR=0.45) showed the strongest associations with lower odds of higher physical activity levels.

Did education or financial strain affect physical activity levels?▼

No, the study found that level of education and financial strain had no significant association with physical activity levels.

How was physical activity measured in this study?▼

Physical activity was measured using hip-worn triaxial accelerometers over seven consecutive days, with moderate-to-vigorous activity categorized into tertiles of low, medium, and high.

What was the sample size and population demographics?▼

The study included 1,484 participants (32% women; median age 60.2 years) with confirmed cardiovascular diseases such as angina, myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, or stroke.

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References

  1. 1.König A, Hagströmer M, Bergman F, Bäck M, Drake I, Johansson H, Rossen J, von Rosen P. "Associations of demographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle factors and comorbidity with accelerometer-measured physical activity in adults with cardiovascular diseases.." PloS one, 2026. PMID: 42447099 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0352673
Disclaimer: This content is for educational purposes only and is not medical advice. Evidence scores reflect the quality and quantity of available research, not clinical recommendations. Always consult a healthcare professional before starting any supplement or intervention.