LifestyleExercise

Remotely delivered gamified exercise intervention shows feasibility and preliminary efficacy for preventing Parkinson's disease in prodromal subgroups

The Slow-SPEED trials are the first non-pharmacological Parkinson's disease prevention trials worldwide, testing a gamified, remotely administered exercise intervention versus active control over 18-36 months in three complementary prodromal subgroups: iRBD (n=110, Netherlands), hyposmia (n=110, UK), and LRRK2/GBA1 mutation carriers (n=600, US). The trials aim to provide unique insights for large-scale Parkinson's prevention studies.

Last updated: Jul 16, 2026•1 RCTs•📖 Read as article →

Evidence Score

Evidence Score42/100
Human RCT★★☆☆☆
Meta-analysis☆☆☆☆☆
Mechanism★★★★★
Safety★★★★☆
Confidencelow

Study Evidence

Study 1. Slow-SPEED: protocol for three randomised trials of remotely delivered exercise to prevent Parkinson's disease.

observational

Oosterhof TH, Mitchell E, Ascherio A, Aslibekyan S, Azoidou V, Beasley K, Ben-Shlomo Y, Bunnik E, Carroll C, Chahine L, Corcos D, Janssen Daalen JM, van Dijk KD, Dijkstra BW, Dommershuijsen L, Dorsey R, Evers LJW, Helmich RC, Johansson M, Norcliffe-Kaufmann L, Keavney J, Klein C, Kmiecik MJ, Kustermann T, Macklin EA, Marek K, Meles SK, Overeem S, Philpott CM, Pijpers A, Postuma RB, Rowbotham HM, Schootemeijer S, Schwarzschild MA, Simuni T, Sommerauer M, Stefani A, Steidel K, Verbeek M, van der Vliet R, de Vries NM, van de Warrenburg B, Wyse RK, Bloem BR, Schneider RB, Noyce AJ, Darweesh SKL · NPJ Parkinson's disease (2026)

Participants: N/A
Duration: 18-36 months
Intervention: Gamified, remotely administered exercise intervention
Outcome: Feasibility and preliminary efficacy of preventing Parkinson's disease
Effect Size: N/A
Population: Prodromal subgroups: individuals with iRBD (n=110), hyposmia (n=110), or LRRK2/GBA1 mutation carriers (n=600)

Result:

PubMed: 42448717DOI: 10.1038/s41531-026-01463-z

Mechanism Graph

Exercise intervention is delivered remotely via gamified platform
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Participants engage in prescribed exercise over 18-36 months
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Outcomes measured include feasibility and preliminary efficacy
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Results inform large-scale Parkinson's prevention studies

Limitations

  • ⚠Only feasibility and preliminary efficacy are assessed, not definitive prevention
  • ⚠Results are limited to specific prodromal subgroups and may not generalize to all at-risk populations

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the Slow-SPEED trial?▼

It is a set of three randomized trials testing a remotely delivered gamified exercise intervention to prevent Parkinson's disease in prodromal subgroups.

Who are the participants in these trials?▼

Participants include individuals with iRBD (Netherlands), hyposmia (UK), and LRRK2/GBA1 mutation carriers (US), totaling 820 people.

How long does the intervention last?▼

The intervention is administered over 18 to 36 months.

What is the primary goal of these trials?▼

To assess feasibility and preliminary efficacy of the exercise intervention for Parkinson's disease prevention.

Products

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References

  1. 1.Oosterhof TH, Mitchell E, Ascherio A, Aslibekyan S, Azoidou V, Beasley K, Ben-Shlomo Y, Bunnik E, Carroll C, Chahine L, Corcos D, Janssen Daalen JM, van Dijk KD, Dijkstra BW, Dommershuijsen L, Dorsey R, Evers LJW, Helmich RC, Johansson M, Norcliffe-Kaufmann L, Keavney J, Klein C, Kmiecik MJ, Kustermann T, Macklin EA, Marek K, Meles SK, Overeem S, Philpott CM, Pijpers A, Postuma RB, Rowbotham HM, Schootemeijer S, Schwarzschild MA, Simuni T, Sommerauer M, Stefani A, Steidel K, Verbeek M, van der Vliet R, de Vries NM, van de Warrenburg B, Wyse RK, Bloem BR, Schneider RB, Noyce AJ, Darweesh SKL. "Slow-SPEED: protocol for three randomised trials of remotely delivered exercise to prevent Parkinson's disease.." NPJ Parkinson's disease, 2026. PMID: 42448717 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-026-01463-z
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