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Restorative sleep is associated with subjective well-being, self-rated health, and positive lifestyle factors in adults and older adults, with age-specific patterns.

In a cross-sectional survey of Japanese adults (20-64 years) and older adults (≥65 years), restorative sleep was significantly associated with subjective well-being (AOR=1.92, 95% CI: 1.35-2.73) and self-rated health (AOR=2.27, 95% CI: 1.63-3.15) in adults, and with self-rated health (AOR=2.12, 95% CI: 1.19-3.77) and availability of a confidant (AOR=2.62, 95% CI: 1.44-4.78) in older adults. Getting up at a fixed time every morning and avoiding worries while in bed were related to restorative sleep in both groups.

Last updated: Aug 18, 2026•0 RCTs•📖 Read as article →

Evidence Score

Evidence Score34/100
Human RCT☆☆☆☆☆
Meta-analysis☆☆☆☆☆
Mechanism★★★★★
Safety★★★★☆
Confidencelow

Study Evidence

Study 1. Associations of Restorative Sleep With Subjective Well-Being, Self-Rated Health, and Positive Lifestyle Factors in Adults and Older Adults: Proposals for Sleep-Promoting Behaviors.

observational

Yamaoka K, Matsuki T, Tanaka H · American journal of health promotion : AJHP (2026)

Participants: N/A
Duration: N/A (cross-sectional)
Intervention: None (observational study)
Outcome: Restorative sleep, subjective well-being, self-rated health, positive lifestyle factors (exercise habit, diet balance, purpose in life, availability of a confidant)
Effect Size: AOR=1.92 (95% CI: 1.35-2.73) for subjective well-being in adults; AOR=2.27 (95% CI: 1.63-3.15) for self-rated health in adults; AOR=2.12 (95% CI: 1.19-3.77) for self-rated health in older adults; AOR=2.62 (95% CI: 1.44-4.78) for confidant availability in older adults
Population: Community-dwelling adults (20-64 years) and older adults (≥65 years) in Japan

Result:

PubMed: 42592722DOI: 10.1177/08901171261476510

Mechanism Graph

Restorative sleep may enhance emotional regulation and cognitive function, contributing to subjective well-being.
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Restorative sleep may improve physical health perception, leading to better self-rated health.
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Restorative sleep may be associated with positive lifestyle behaviors such as exercise and balanced diet.
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Result: Restorative sleep is linked to better well-being and health outcomes, with age-specific associations.

Limitations

  • ⚠Cross-sectional design prevents causal inference.
  • ⚠Self-reported measures may be subject to recall bias.
  • ⚠Sample limited to one city in Japan, limiting generalizability.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is restorative sleep?▼

Restorative sleep refers to sleep that is perceived as refreshing and restorative, often measured by subjective feelings upon waking.

How was restorative sleep measured in this study?▼

Restorative sleep was assessed via self-administered questionnaires, likely using a single item or scale, though specific details are not provided in the abstract.

What sleep-promoting behaviors were associated with restorative sleep?▼

Getting up at a fixed time every morning and avoiding worries while in bed were related to restorative sleep in both adults and older adults.

Are the associations different between adults and older adults?▼

Yes, in adults restorative sleep was associated with subjective well-being, self-rated health, exercise habit, diet balance, and purpose in life; in older adults it was associated with self-rated health and availability of a confidant.

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References

  1. 1.Yamaoka K, Matsuki T, Tanaka H. "Associations of Restorative Sleep With Subjective Well-Being, Self-Rated Health, and Positive Lifestyle Factors in Adults and Older Adults: Proposals for Sleep-Promoting Behaviors.." American journal of health promotion : AJHP, 2026. PMID: 42592722 DOI: 10.1177/08901171261476510
Disclaimer: This content is for educational purposes only and is not medical advice. Evidence scores reflect the quality and quantity of available research, not clinical recommendations. Always consult a healthcare professional before starting any supplement or intervention.