The 3-flap technique improves sleep quality in female patients with biopolymer disease in the gluteal and lumbar regions
A retrospective cohort study of 199 female patients undergoing the 3-flap technique for biopolymer removal reported statistically significant improvements in well-being indicators, including sleep quality. The study found that postoperative symptom resolution included reductions in myalgia (OR 0.15), asthenia (OR 0.03), and anxiety (OR 0.08), with sleep quality also improving as a secondary outcome.
Evidence Score
Study Evidence
Study 1. Three-flap Technique: Comprehensive Approach for Biopolymer Removal in the Gluteal and Lumbar Regions.
observationalOsorio E, Ramírez B, Herrera O, Suarez C, Ciro C, Varela A · Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open (2026)
Result: A retrospective cohort study of 199 female patients undergoing the 3-flap technique for biopolymer removal reported statistically significant improvements in well-being indicators, including sleep quality. The study found that postoperative symptom resolution included reductions in myalgia (OR 0.15), asthenia (OR 0.03), and anxiety (OR 0.08), with sleep quality also improving as a secondary outcome.
Mechanism Graph
Limitations
- ⚠Retrospective cohort design without a control group, limiting causal inference
- ⚠Sleep quality was a secondary outcome and not measured with a validated sleep-specific instrument
- ⚠Single-center study with all female patients, limiting generalizability to males or other populations
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the 3-flap technique?▼
The 3-flap technique is a novel surgical approach designed for effective removal of biopolymers from the gluteal and lumbar regions, aiming to improve aesthetic outcomes and relieve symptoms.
How was sleep quality measured in this study?▼
Sleep quality was assessed as part of well-being indicators through patient-reported data and clinical records, but no specific validated sleep questionnaire (e.g., PSQI) was mentioned.
What were the main complications of the 3-flap technique?▼
Complications included drain placement (29.1%), wound dehiscence (21.1%), and tissue necrosis (3.5%).
Is this technique safe for all patients?▼
The study suggests the technique is safe and effective for female patients with biopolymer disease, but further studies are needed to confirm safety in broader populations and compare with alternative methods.
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References
- 1.Osorio E, Ramírez B, Herrera O, Suarez C, Ciro C, Varela A. "Three-flap Technique: Comprehensive Approach for Biopolymer Removal in the Gluteal and Lumbar Regions.." Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open, 2026. PMID: 42495057 DOI: 10.1097/GOX.0000000000007870