Supplements

GBP (Ginkgo biloba extract with phosphatidylserine) improves delayed verbal memory and reaction time in healthy adults and those with moderate stress.

Two exploratory RCTs found that 480 mg/day of GBP for 4 weeks improved delayed verbal memory and reaction time versus placebo in healthy volunteers. A second study in adults with moderate stress showed mood benefits and a trend toward faster reaction times at both 240 mg and 480 mg doses.

Last updated: Aug 26, 2026•1 RCTs•📖 Read as article →

Evidence Score

Evidence Score42/100
Human RCT★★☆☆☆
Meta-analysis☆☆☆☆☆
Mechanism★★★★★
Safety★★★★☆
Confidencelow

Study Evidence

Study 1. Health Benefits of a Standardized Ginkgo biloba Extract Associated With Phosphatidylserine in Alleviating Mental Stress and Cognitive Performance: Results From Two Exploratory Randomized Trials.

observational

Hawkins K, Davis J, Matias CA, Wilson G, Lowery R, Misiano P, Petrangolini G, Wilson J · Food science & nutrition (2026)

Participants: N/A
Duration: 4 weeks
Intervention: Ginkgo biloba extract with phosphatidylserine (GBP) at 240 mg/day or 480 mg/day for 4 weeks, with acute single-dose testing at 60 and 180 minutes.
Outcome: Delayed verbal memory, reaction time, mood states, perceived stress, anxiety, cognitive performance.
Effect Size: N/A
Population: Healthy volunteers (first trial) and adults experiencing moderate stress (second trial).

Result:

PubMed: 42294065DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.72001

Mechanism Graph

GBP combines antioxidant, neuroprotective, and nootropic properties of Ginkgo biloba and phosphatidylserine
↓
Phosphatidylserine modulates neurotransmitter activity
↓
Ginkgo biloba improves mental functions through enhanced blood flow and neuroprotection
↓
Result: Improved cognitive performance and mood regulation

Limitations

  • ⚠Results from the second study were more modest than expected based on the first study
  • ⚠Exploratory nature of the trials requires further research to consolidate preliminary evidence

Frequently Asked Questions

What is GBP?▼

GBP is a standardized combination of Ginkgo biloba extract and phosphatidylserine, tested for cognitive and mood benefits.

What dose of GBP was effective?▼

The primary effective dose was 480 mg/day, though 240 mg/day also showed trends in reaction time improvements.

How long did the study last?▼

Both trials lasted 4 weeks, with acute effects measured at 60 and 180 minutes after a single dose.

Who might benefit from GBP?▼

Healthy adults and those experiencing moderate stress may see improvements in memory, reaction time, and mood.

Products

Affiliate links coming soon. We only recommend products that match the doses and forms used in the cited research.

References

  1. 1.Hawkins K, Davis J, Matias CA, Wilson G, Lowery R, Misiano P, Petrangolini G, Wilson J. "Health Benefits of a Standardized Ginkgo biloba Extract Associated With Phosphatidylserine in Alleviating Mental Stress and Cognitive Performance: Results From Two Exploratory Randomized Trials.." Food science & nutrition, 2026. PMID: 42294065 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.72001
Disclaimer: This content is for educational purposes only and is not medical advice. Evidence scores reflect the quality and quantity of available research, not clinical recommendations. Always consult a healthcare professional before starting any supplement or intervention.