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Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with disturbances in nutrition-related biochemical markers among eutrophic adults

In eutrophic adults, moderate-to-severe OSA was linked to higher VLDL and triglyceride levels, and zinc levels differed across OSA severity groups. Higher AHI was independently associated with higher VLDL and triglycerides and lower magnesium after full adjustment, with sex-specific patterns.

Last updated: Aug 5, 2026•0 RCTs•📖 Read as article →

Evidence Score

Evidence Score32/100
Human RCT☆☆☆☆☆
Meta-analysis☆☆☆☆☆
Mechanism★★★★★
Safety★★★★☆
Confidencelow

Study Evidence

Study 1. Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with disturbances in nutrition-related biochemical markers among eutrophic adults: Findings from the EPISONO cohort.

observational

Schimenes BC, Alvarenga TA, Morelhão PK, Porcacchia AS, Tufik SB, Tufik S, Andersen ML · Sleep medicine (2026)

Participants: N/A
Duration: N/A
Intervention: None (observational study comparing OSA severity groups)
Outcome: Nutrition-related biochemical markers (VLDL, triglycerides, zinc, magnesium)
Effect Size: N/A
Population: Eutrophic adults aged 20-59 years from the EPISONO cohort in São Paulo

Result:

PubMed: 41955724DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2026.108945

Mechanism Graph

OSA causes intermittent hypoxia and sleep fragmentation
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This may alter lipid metabolism and mineral homeostasis
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Sex hormones modulate these metabolic pathways
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Result: Higher VLDL/triglycerides and lower magnesium in OSA patients

Limitations

  • ⚠Cross-sectional design prevents causal inference
  • ⚠Sample limited to eutrophic adults from a single city, limiting generalizability

Frequently Asked Questions

What does 'eutrophic' mean in this study?▼

Eutrophic refers to individuals with normal body weight, typically defined by a BMI in the normal range.

Which biochemical markers were most strongly associated with OSA severity?▼

VLDL and triglycerides were higher in moderate-to-severe OSA, and magnesium was inversely associated with AHI in men.

Were there sex differences in the findings?▼

Yes, lipid markers and zinc were linked to AHI in women, while magnesium was inversely associated with AHI in men.

Can these results be used to recommend dietary changes for OSA patients?▼

No, the study is observational and does not test interventions; it only identifies associations that warrant further research.

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References

  1. 1.Schimenes BC, Alvarenga TA, Morelhão PK, Porcacchia AS, Tufik SB, Tufik S, Andersen ML. "Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with disturbances in nutrition-related biochemical markers among eutrophic adults: Findings from the EPISONO cohort.." Sleep medicine, 2026. PMID: 41955724 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2026.108945
Disclaimer: This content is for educational purposes only and is not medical advice. Evidence scores reflect the quality and quantity of available research, not clinical recommendations. Always consult a healthcare professional before starting any supplement or intervention.