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Poorer subjective sleep quality is associated with greater glycemic variability in nondiabetic African American pregnant women

In a secondary analysis of 55 nondiabetic African American pregnant women (16-22 weeks gestation), poorer subjective sleep quality (measured by PSQI) was significantly associated with higher glucose SD (B = 0.42, 95% CI [0.07, 0.76]), higher MAGE (B = 1.10, 95% CI [0.30, 1.91]), and greater CV (B = 0.44, 95% CI [0.12, 0.75]). No objective sleep dimensions (Fitbit Inspire 2) were significantly associated with glycemic outcomes.

Last updated: Aug 28, 2026•0 RCTs•📖 Read as article →

Evidence Score

Evidence Score34/100
Human RCT☆☆☆☆☆
Meta-analysis☆☆☆☆☆
Mechanism★★★★★
Safety★★★★☆
Confidencelow

Study Evidence

Study 1. Sleep Quality and Glycemic Variability Among Nondiabetic African American Pregnant Women.

observational

Irsheed GA, Genao N, Siwakoti L, Steffen A, Ackerman W, Quinn L, Borbas L, Alameda G, Maganuru R, Nazeer N, Virmani A, Burke L, Balserak BI · Journal of obstetric, gynecologic, and neonatal nursing : JOGNN (2026)

Participants: N/A
Duration: 7 days
Intervention: None (observational secondary analysis); assessed subjective sleep quality via PSQI and objective sleep via Fitbit Inspire 2
Outcome: Glycemic variability: glucose mean, glucose SD, mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE), coefficient of variation (CV)
Effect Size: B = 0.42 (glucose SD), B = 1.10 (MAGE), B = 0.44 (CV)
Population: Nondiabetic African American pregnant women (16-22 weeks gestation), aged 18-42, BMI 24-45 kg/m2, singleton pregnancies

Result:

PubMed: 42648704DOI: 10.1016/j.jogn.2026.08.001

Mechanism Graph

Subjective sleep quality assessed via PSQI
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Glycemic variability measured via continuous glucose monitoring
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Between-person regression and within-person mixed-effects models
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Poorer subjective sleep quality associated with higher glycemic variability

Limitations

  • ⚠Secondary analysis of baseline data from an RCT, not a prospective cohort
  • ⚠Small sample size (N=55) limits generalizability
  • ⚠Objective sleep measured with consumer-grade Fitbit, not validated for pregnancy
  • ⚠Potential residual confounding from unmeasured factors

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the main finding of this study?▼

Poorer subjective sleep quality (higher PSQI scores) was associated with greater glycemic variability (higher glucose SD, MAGE, and CV) in nondiabetic African American pregnant women.

Did objective sleep measures show any association with glycemic outcomes?▼

No, none of the objective sleep dimensions (duration, efficiency, timing, regularity) measured by Fitbit Inspire 2 were significantly associated with glycemic outcomes.

What population was studied?▼

55 nondiabetic African American pregnant women between 16-22 weeks gestation, aged 18-42, with BMI 24-45 kg/m2.

What are the implications for prenatal care?▼

Assessing perceived sleep quality may help identify early pregnancy metabolic risk and could be a modifiable target for interventions to reduce glycemic variability.

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References

  1. 1.Irsheed GA, Genao N, Siwakoti L, Steffen A, Ackerman W, Quinn L, Borbas L, Alameda G, Maganuru R, Nazeer N, Virmani A, Burke L, Balserak BI. "Sleep Quality and Glycemic Variability Among Nondiabetic African American Pregnant Women.." Journal of obstetric, gynecologic, and neonatal nursing : JOGNN, 2026. PMID: 42648704 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogn.2026.08.001
Disclaimer: This content is for educational purposes only and is not medical advice. Evidence scores reflect the quality and quantity of available research, not clinical recommendations. Always consult a healthcare professional before starting any supplement or intervention.